Vishnu Kiran Manam
The CRISPR-Cas (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats and CRISPR-associated proteins) technology has transformed genetic engineering and genome editing, offering unprecedented precision and efficiency. This abstract outlines the fundamental principles of CRISPR-Cas systems and their applications in genome editing. It begins by exploring the origins and mechanisms of CRISPR-Cas systems, with a focus on their role in adaptive immunity in bacteria and archaea. Key components of the CRISPR-Cas9 system, including guide RNAs (gRNAs) and the Cas9 nuclease, are discussed, highlighting their critical roles in enabling precise DNA modifications across diverse organisms. The versatility and efficiency of CRISPR-Cas9 have established it as a cornerstone of modern genome editing. Furthermore, ethical and regulatory considerations are addressed, emphasizing the importance of responsible innovation and governance in this rapidly evolving field. This abstract provides a concise overview of CRISPR-Cas systems, serving as a foundation for further research and application in genetics and biotechnology.
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