Vol. 7, Issue 2, Part A (2025)

Punica granatum (pomegranate) is traditionally recognized for its health benefits, particularly in managing oxidative stress-related conditions. This study investigates the oxidative stress-modulating effects of Punica granatum extracts, focusing on its antioxidant activity, cytoprotective potential, and the enhancement of antioxidant enzyme expression. Both ethanolic and aqueous extracts of Punica granatum were evaluated for their ability to reduce reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inhibit lipid peroxidation using in vitro assays and cell-based models. The ethanolic extract exhibited superior antioxidant potential, with a significant reduction in ROS production and lipid peroxidation inhibition, as well as enhanced mitochondrial membrane potential in treated cells. Moreover, treatment with Punica granatum extracts led to a dose-dependent increase in the expression of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), critical enzymes in the cellular defense system. The findings suggest that Punica granatum demonstrates significant antioxidant and cytoprotective effects, offering a promising natural remedy for managing oxidative stress-related diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and neurodegenerative disorders. These results also support the integration of Punica granatum into functional foods and nutraceuticals aimed at preventing chronic diseases associated with oxidative stress.