Vol. 7, Issue 2, Part A (2025)

The biochemical composition and therapeutic potential of Allium sativum L. (garlic) are profoundly influenced by sulfur (S) nutrition and its interaction with essential micronutrients. Sulfur plays a pivotal role in the synthesis of organosulfur compounds such as alliin, allicin, and their subsequent derivatives, which are primarily responsible for the characteristic aroma, flavour, and medicinal efficacy of garlic. Micronutrients including zinc (Zn), boron (B), iron (Fe), and manganese (Mn) act as vital cofactors in enzymatic and redox processes that regulate sulfur assimilation and metabolic fluxes. This paper provides a molecular perspective on the modulation of biochemical pathways in garlic under differential sulfur and micronutrient regimes. It integrates recent findings from enzymatic kinetics, transcriptomic profiling, and redox biology to elucidate the underlying regulatory mechanisms governing organosulfur biosynthesis. Furthermore, a comprehensive experimental framework is proposed to explore the synergistic influence of sulfur-micronutrient interactions on yield, enzymatic activity, and metabolite accumulation. Understanding these biochemical and molecular interrelationships will facilitate the development of targeted nutrient management strategies aimed at enhancing both productivity and phytochemical quality in garlic cultivation.